Coding Scholar of Change

Coding Scholar of Change Video 1

To prepare for this Discussion: (Coding Scholar of Change)

By Day 3

Post a brief description of the video you chose. Next, include an example of one or two codes and provide quotes from your notes or transcript to support your example. Finally, explain your reasoning for this coding.

Be sure to support your main post and response post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA style.

Learning Resources

Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.

Required Readings

Saldaña, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

  • Chapter 1, “An Introduction to Codes and Coding” (pp. 1–42)
  • Chapter 2, “Writing Analytic Memos About Narrative and Visual Data” (pp. 43–65)
  • Coding Scholar of Change

Ravitch, S. M., & Carl, N. M. (2016). Qualitative research: Bridging the conceptual, theoretical, and methodological. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

  • Chapter 7, “An Integrative Approach to Data Analysis” (pp. 215–236)
  • Chapter 8, “Methods and Processes of Data Analysis” (pp. 237–270)

Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2012). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

The following articles are examples of literature reviews on the aspects of social change. Choose one of the articles for this week’s Discussion 2.

Thomas, E. F., McGarty, C., & Mavor, K. I. (2009). Transforming “apathy into movement”: The role of prosocial emotions in motivation action for social change. Personality & Social Psychology Review, 13(4), 310–333.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

(Coding Scholar of Change)

Kezar, A. (2014). Higher education change and social networks: A review of the research. Journal of Higher Education, 85(1), 91–125.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Aguinis, H., & Glavas, A. (2012). What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility: A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 38(4), 932–968.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

(Coding Scholar of Change)

Walden University. (2015). Social change. Retrieved from https://www.waldenu.edu/about/social-change
As you review this website, think about Walden’s meaning of social change and how this website will guide you as you consider positive social change for your Major Assignment 2.

(Coding Scholar of Change)

Document: Excel Video Coding Document Template (Excel spreadsheet)
Review this Excel template as you view this week’s media programs. Also, you will use this template for organizing your transcripts and preparing them for coding.

Required Media

Laureate Education (Producer). (2016). Introduction to coding [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 10 minutes.
In this media program, Dr. Susan Marcus, Core Research Faculty with the School of Psychology at Walden University, introduces you to the world of coding using Word or Excel documents. In this first video, you will learn how to organize your data.

(Coding Scholar of Change)

Notes from the instructor

Welcome to Week Five!

Posted on: Sunday, September 23, 2018 9:57:15 PM EDT

We are now arriving at an important – even critical – part of the qualitative process: how to collect data and how to prepare it for analysis.

If you recall from your quantitative research course, you would collect your data using surveys that were either inherently numeric, or could be assigned a numeric designation. For example, a Likert scale would assign various possible answers on a 1 to 7 scale, or you could assign a number to a category, such as female=1 and male = 2. You would then prepare the data by looking at scatterplots and removing outliers, deleting incomplete data, determining means, and other preliminary work in preparation for the statistical analysis. In qualitative research, we also collect and prepare the data in specific ways, but which are very different from the quantitative data collection and preparation process I just described.

In qualitative research, we look for ‘meaning’ and patterns of speech that can indicate themes. We start by carefully listening to, viewing, and/or reading our content in a highly reflective manner. This means that we do not take the information the participant’s provided us at face value, but we think more deeply about it to see what exists ‘between the lines’ of what the participant had to say. We start by looking out for words, phrases, and overall concepts that tell us something about what the participant felt or experienced. We choose a word or phrase that best defines that feeling or experience. We make a note of it and indicate the portion of the content where it was found. For example:

Participant content: “I was terribly afraid of what would happen next. I felt so powerless. I was all so new to me. I had no idea what to do next. I was confused and in shock.”
Researcher coding: afraid, powerless, unique (relates to new), confused, shocked

Note how the code words can often be an exact word from the transcript, but it can also be another word that also relates to the overall concept. Coding is a process of identifying concepts that might tell us what the participant has experienced. Do not just list words that are repeated – seek words that have meaning – that express the lived subjective experience by the participant. Seek out the emotion.

Discussion 1 (due Wednesday) gives us a very basic sense of how to code. Note that in a real research study, this process would be much more complicated and time consuming, requiring a great deal of content organization and management skills. For this assignment, simply view the video and take note about any content that stands out to you that indicates what is being experienced, felt, and/or perceived by the participant. (Coding Scholar of Change)

Be careful – it’s not about what non-participants are experiencing, and it’s not about your analysis of what you are seeing or hearing, at this point. It’s about what the participant is experiencing, relative to the scenario she or he is describing.

Do not use words just because they stand out or are repeated, but because they seem to indicate some kind of meaning, perception, or feeling BY THE PARTICIPANT. Refer to your field notes that you have been keeping over the past few weeks to help you with this. Next, review your notes and the video transcripts and develop a few code words that describe the overall lived experience. Then, connect each code word to a phrase, sentence, or passage in the video in order to justify that code word.

For example:

Code word: Afraid (participant indicated fear)

Transcript support: “I was terribly frightened of what would happen next.”

Here are the required headings for discussion 1:

Video name

Code words (list each code and the phrase or sentence from the video that it describes) (focus on behaviors and feelings of the participant, not things, categories, or lists … and not the people that the participant might be talking about, other than what the participant feels about them. Keep repeating in your mind, “It is all about what the participant is experiencing.”).

Discuss (discuss your coding process and how you arrived at your codes. Be sure to include the transcript source and your field notes source in this description)

Reflection/Questions (discuss any insights or ask questions regarding this process)

 

 sample paper below

This is an example of how the paper needs to be represented with the headings

Very good, Kastina. I like that you used not only the text, but the participant’s voice and body language to help inform your development of the code. Text is just one part of code development. We also want to listen carefully to vocal tone, hesitations, etc, as well as shifts in body posture, use of hands, facial expressions, etc – all give us insights into the inner world of the participant and help lead us toward an accurate and insightful code word or code phrase.

Author: Kastina Hayes Date: Monday, September 24, 2018 12:13:42 AM EDT Subject: RE: Discussion 1 – Week 5Main Question Post.
Battling drug addiction in the heartland
I chose the scholar of change video #2 from Week 2. Jackie Kundert discussed the loss of her son to a drug overdose. Jackie Kundert is a mother and a nurse. Her son was addicted to prescribed pain medication, which turned into a heroine addiction. Jackie’s son overdosed on heroine. Jackie wanted to make a positive impact. Jackie started an organization called F.A.I.T.H. that stands for Fighting Addiction It Takes Help. An unnamed women also gave a testimony. She was an adoptive mother whose son overdosed on heroine as well. Her son started using drugs for recreational purposes, then moved on to cocaine, then to heroine.
Code Words
Saldana (2016) defined a code as a word or a short phrase that describes language-based or visual data. However, Rubin and Rubin (2012) gave a better explanation for coding as a way to simplify the retrieval of information given on a topic. Codes are used as identifying features in which we look for patterns and similarities in features, order of presentation, context, and meaning (Laureate Education [Producer], 2016). Codes can be used for a variety of situations, including transcripts of videos, interviews, observations of field experiences, and photos (Laureate Education [Producer], 2016 (Coding Scholar of Change)).
Code words are supposed to describe the participant and the feelings of the participant. Code words do not describe whomever the participant may be talking about. Therefore, a code word from the video I chose is “pain.” Jackie stated “This issue touches me greatly, as I have a son who got caught up in the cycle.” The pain and hurt can be heard in her voice. Another code word from the video is “hope.” Jackie also stated “In June 2015, I started an organization called F.A.I.T.H., which stands for Fighting Addiction It Takes Help. I believe it takes help, not only from the addict but also their family as well as the community.”
Discuss
A descriptive code summarizes the primary topic (Saldana, 2016). The primary topic from the scholar of change video I selected is drug abuse. Therefore, a descriptive code for this topic is substance progression. For instance, the following quote was taken from my Field Notes: “Her son was addicted to prescribed pain medication, which turned into a heroine addiction.” Another quote from an unnamed women from the same video was: “Her son started using drugs for recreational purposes, then moved on to cocaine, then to heroine.” I chose this code name because both of the testimonies began with the sons using one drug and it gradually progressed to another drug, leading up to death by overdose. Therefore, “substance progression” seemed like a perfect fit.
Reflection/Questions
I understand the purpose of coding. It makes sense that the process of coding helps to see similarities from different sources. Laureate Education [Producer] (2016) mentioned computer assisted qualitative data analysis software. Though the disadvantage of this is the learning curve in which you would have to learn how to code, transcribe, and learn the software, I think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Once you know how to use the software, I feel like the important process of coding would be so much easier and better maintainable.
References
Laureate Education (Producer). (2016). Introduction to coding [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Rubin, H. J., Rubin, I. S. (2012). Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data, 3rd Edition. [MBS Direct]. Retrieved from https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/#/books/97814522…
Saldana, J. (2016). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers, 3rd Edition. [MBS Direct]. Retrieved from https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/#/books/97814739…

Answer preview

Video

I chose the scholar of change video by Dr. Susan. The video defines an interview from graduate students of their experiences with social change and their interpretation of social change (Laureate Education, 2016). One of the participants describes the work that she has been doing before joining Walden University. The participant also explains why she went ahead to get her degree. She holds that she identified a problem that will impact the future although the school head rejects her program. Based on the issue she recognizes she commits to helping the community describing that the children in the community will hold the future of the community. In other words, the participant is dedicated to helping the children because of the community.

Code words

The code is one of the ways of analyzing qualitative data. According to Laureate Education (Producer) (2016), Dr. Susan emphasizes the need to analyze the data as a process of coding. The benefit of coding and the process of coding is not standard. Saldana (2016) defines that code is a word or a short phrase that represent a portion of language-based or visual data. The data used in the video is interview transcripts excerpts from Dr. Susan Video…

(600 words)

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