Abstract Brief (no more than 200-word) summary of the proposed project.

Introduction: Your introduction and background section should include a clear statement of your research question and a full literature review with a discussion of why your question is important from a scientific/biological standpoint. Remember to cite your sources!

*** The topic is about color changing in lizard, due to temperature and/or hide from predator, using these 6 resources write the introduction section and please focus on these two topics: thermoregulation or temperature changing and color changing + changing color to hide from predators. ** remember to use in text citation.

• Cooper Jr, William E., and Wade C. Sherbrooke. “Choosing between a rock and a hard place: Camouflage in the round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum.” Current Zoology 58.4 (2012): 541-548.
• Garcia, T. S., R. Straus, and A. Sih. “Temperature and ontogenetic effects on color change in the larval salamander species Ambystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum.” Canadian Journal of Zoology 81.4 (2003): 710-715.
• Langkilde, T., and K. E. Boronow. “Color as a signal: The relationship between coloration and morphology in male eastern fence lizards, Sceloporus undulatus.” Journal of Herpetology 44.2 (2010): 261-272.
• Langkilde, Tracy, and Katherine E. Boronow. “Hot boys are blue: temperature-dependent color change in male eastern fence lizards.” Journal of Herpetology (2012): 461-465.APA
• Marshall, Kate LA, Kate E. Philpot, and Martin Stevens. “Conspicuous male coloration impairs survival against avian predators in Aegean wall lizards, Podarcis erhardii.” Ecology and evolution 5.18 (2015): 4115-4131. APA
• Stuart-Fox, Devi, and Adnan Moussalli. “Camouflage, communication and thermoregulation: lessons from colour changing organisms.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364.1516 (2008): 463-470.

Answer preview

The aspect of changing colors in the animal kingdom is not a new concept but has been widespread affecting both vertebrates and invertebrates. Insects, crustaceans, cephalopods, amphibians, reptiles, and fishes. According to Fox, Devi, and Adnan Moussalli (2008), there are two different types of color changes to animals and each type has different consequences on the adaptive camouflage. Some changes occur morphologically as a result of changes in the number and quality of chromophore and physiological color change which is as a result of movement. As Langkilde et al. (2012), observes, changes in color are driven by different factors and the genetic makeup of the animals is involved in a significant way.

A study conducted by Cooper et al. (2012), reveals that studies on the color changing in organisms is ideally used for experimental…