Due to changes that were happening globally in the environment, writers embraced new ways of expressing their views in the literary works. Hence, influential individuals embraced the trends and ended up being the predecessors of modernism. These individuals are Fyodor Dostoevsky, a novelist known for works like Crime and Punishment, and Henry James, another novelist who wrote The Portrait of a Lady. Generally, these are transitioning individuals who played a crucial role in motivating strategic change from realism & naturalism to modernism (Norton Literature Online, 2006). Overall, these individuals believed that growth was necessary despite the challenges in industrialized societies. Generally, this growth and development mindset is also evident in the Christian worldview, requiring believers to take charge of their livelihood.
