Hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune disease

What are the different portals of entry for a pathogen to enter the body?

2. Define the following disease categories:

1. Endemic –

2. Sporadic –

3. Epidemic –

4. Pandemic –

3. Describe the difference between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Which type of immunity is specific and typically longer lasting?

4. Differentiate between active and passive types of immunity. Which type of immunity is long lasting and which is short lasting?

5. Discuss the five (5) different classes of vaccines used in active immunity.

6. Define and differentiate between hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune disease

.Gives an example of hypersensitivity reaction and an example of an autoimmune disease

Requirements: 2-3pages

Answer preview

Live attenuated vaccines are a class of vaccines that use a weakened form of germs that cause diseases to assist in developing immunity. A single or double dose of the vaccine is likely to offer protection against the disease caused. Inactivated vaccines utilize the killed version of the germ that causes a disease, although it does not provide a strong immunity similar to live vaccines. The third class is live attenuated vaccines which utilize a weakened form of the pathogen to cause disease. They develop a long-term and strong immune response to protect against smallpox and chickenpox. The toxoid vaccine is the fourth class that creates immunity to body parts that cause illnesses (Marshall et al., 2018). The immune response of this vaccine targets the toxin part of the bacteria. Subunit vaccine is the fifth class that utilizes parts of a microorganism that stimulate an immune response. They apply to long-term health issues and weakened immune systems.

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