Question Description: Two (2) different coursework 11/2 pages each, apa, reference with 5yrs due on Friday.
1. Describe the common characteristics and design of a case-control study. Discuss the three important features when it comes to selecting cases and controls, and identify a situation when one of these might be violated. Discuss the limitations of using questionnaires for determining exposure status and provide examples of alternative strategies for collecting this information in a case-control study.
2. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of cross-sectional studies and examples of how they can be “descriptive” or “analytic” study designs. Discuss an example of a disease where survival could influence the association between a possible exposure and the disease when measured with a cross-sectional study.
Answer preview
With that said, researchers may encounter challenges with this study design due to using questionnaires for determining exposure status. Johansen et al. (2017) explain that these questionnaires can only generate a hypothesis instead of testing the exposure status. Also, the patients giving self-reports in the questionnaires may provide false information, affecting the study’s credibility. This being a limitation, an alternative strategy that researchers could use to gather this information in the case-control study is implementing exposure assessments (Johansen et al., 2017). This helps measure, estimate, and assess the frequency and duration of exposure, thus giving credible results in the case-control study.
