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Estefania Casta (2019), in her article “Border Shutdowns: State Violence and Psychological Warfare Performed,” looks at the United States immigration policies that prompted a border crisis with Mexico. The border between Mexico and the United States has numerous land ports of entry. Immigrants, refugees, and transborder communities use to make their way into and out of the United States and Mexico. Casta (2019) is concerned with the escalating violence and psychological warfare at these border crossings perpetrated by CBP, acting under the Trump administration’s directions.
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