Please, review the following case study. The following questions with guide your research paper.
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Maria is 15 years old and 74 pounds overweight. Her father is an uber driver who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Her mother works for a cleaning company. She is overweight with lipid disorder (high blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides). She is taking two antihypertensive medications at present time. At a recent health science fair at Maria’s school, a student-led screening clinic documented Maria’s blood pressure at 141/92 mm Hg. The family immigrated from Nicaragua 3 years ago and they do not have health insurance.
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During health science fair, the following data was recorded: 56% of the students with BMI 25.0 to <30 and 18% of the students with BMI 30.0 or higher.
What risk factors should be explored for Maria’s family for cardiovascular disease? Mention social determinants of health in this case. Incorporate the concepts of health promotion and risk reduction.
Would you apply any of the behavioral change models to address health promotion and risk reduction in this case (theoretical frameworks of behavioral change / models discussed on Chapter 5 of textbook). Describe your selection.
Public health nurses use statistics to demonstrate the need for obesity program development and community interventions. According to the most recent CDC data: What data were identified about obesity in children and adults?
Is there a necessity of planning a community nursing intervention? How will you do that? Will you work alone or in collaboration / teamwork? Will you look for funding? How?
If you decide to do a community intervention. How would you evaluate the community-level intervention(s)?
Will you use social marketing to change health behaviors or beliefs, social or cultural norms, or community standards to improve health or benefit society. Which resources will you use?
Mention research studies that support any of the above (1 through 9) (mention at leas 3 research studies in the paper).
The STEP Study is the name of a clinical trial to test an experimental human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine that aimed to stimulate production of immune system T cells that can kill HIV-infected cells. The study enrolled 3,000 participants at sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Peru, Puerto Rico, and the United States.
The investigators of the vaccine trials have decided to cease immunizations and are contacting study volunteers to inform them of the developments.
Prior to beginning this study, how would you have described the risks and benefits of the study to participants? Share your thoughts and discuss the ethical issues surrounding this study at the beginning and at the time the decision was made to terminate the study.
Justify your response using examples and reasoning. Comment on the postings of at least two classmates, explaining whether you agree or disagree with their views.
Discussed at least two ethical issues at the beginning and two ethical issues at the end of the study.
Justified answers with appropriate research and reasoning by using examples and references from textbooks, the South University Online Library, and other acceptable references, citing the sources in APA format.
Commented on the postings of at least two classmates by asking questions, providing a point of view with a rationale, challenging a point of the discussion, or making a relationship between two or more points.
Research and analyze at least five (5) monographs, articles, websites, or other credible sources published over the last year that inform notable concerns, practices and solutions in United States healthcare finance.( 4 pages minimum)
Briefly summarize the content and conclusions of each of your research sources. Provide source links.
After considering the research, what were your biggest analytical judgments about the current state and future prognosis of about the healthcare finance topics you selected? Why?
What major barriers did you learn about that might impact the speed and trajectory of future solutions to the healthcare finance challenges you identified from your research?
Formulate and explain three specific, practical ideas you believe major healthcare organizations should prioritize for implementation to improve their financial practices, processes and performance outcomes in the future. How do you envision your ideas would benefit patients and other stakeholders of the healthcare ecosystem? What would be different and better from the status quo?
Janet was the tallest person in her family. Her brother used to joke with her and tell her she could play Abraham Lincoln in any play because she was tall and lanky just like good old Abe.
Janet was the star center on her high school basketball team. She had always been tall with big hands and long fingers, perfect for snagging the ball on rebounds. Recently, Janet had begun wearing contact lenses because she was having trouble seeing the hoop clearly. The optometrist had diagnosed her with nearsightedness, something that her parents also experienced.
Recently, while practicing basketball with her high school team, Janet experienced some pain in her chest. She mentioned this to her coach, but since it was the beginning of the season and they had recently started practicing, the coach assumed that she had pulled or overworked a muscle. The coach suggested that she take some Tylenol and apply ice to her chest to relieve the pain.
Five minutes in to their first game of the season, Janet experienced dizziness and motioned for the coach to take her out. As she walked to the bench, she lost consciousness and passed out. The referees couldn’t feel a pulse and started CPR while waiting for the paramedics and ambulance to arrive.
When Janet came to, she was in a hospital bed in CCU of the local hospital. The doctors advised her that she likely had a disease called Marfan’s syndrome. As a result of that disease she had experienced cardiac arrest and that she had a mitral valve prolapse.
Deliverables
Answer the following questions and save your responses in a Microsoft Word document. Provide a scholarly resource to support your answers.
What are the four valves found in the heart and where are they located? Give all names for each valve.
What is a mitral valve prolapse and what causes this in Marfan’s syndrome specifically?
What happens to blood flow (specifically) with a mitral valve prolapse (where would the blood back up to and why)?
If a person were to have a prolapse of the tricuspid valve, what specifically would happen to the flow of blood in that case?
Do you think Janet will ever play basketball again? Why or why not?
Focusing on the pediatric patient, discuss the current evidence-based recommendations by leading pediatric experts and professional organizations. Focus your discussion on guidelines for pediatric healthcare providers prescribing medications to the young pediatric patient.
You are expected to present your initial topic including, but not limited to, the following items:
Research Project: Annotated Bibliography Assignment Instructions
Overview
After choosing a topic, you will complete the Research Project:Annotated Bibliography Assignment using the Research Project: Annotated Bibliography Template provided. This assignment will be used as a springboard for your research. It may also be used to begin to explore ideas or concepts you find interesting within the realm of the topics covered in this class.
Instructions
You must use the Jerry Falwell Library Research Portal and identify a minimum of 10 scholarly journal articles from peer-reviewed journals addressing your topic. All references must be less than 10 years old. Ensure that the document follows current APA format. When using the provided template, delete the placeholder material and replace it with your own material. Refer to the Grading Rubric for additional project insights.
You are required to read all instructor feedback and implement it on future assignments.
A brief statement regarding the author and his/her credentials as an authority.
A crisp statement regarding the relevance of this article for your topic.
A salient or meaningful quote from the article that you would likely cite if you were to write an essay on this topic.
(Do not include the above criterion prompts in your final document—it is provided here only for instructional purposes. Your paper will have the above title and start with the below section.)
The Research Project:Annotated BibliographyTemplate provides examples on how the assignment to look. Ensure that you take heed to how the references and the Research Project:Annotated Bibliography is structured.
Requirements: 100 words each bibliography
Research Project – General Instructions and List of Topics
You will author a final research paper focused on a selected specific topic from the board topic areas below. This paper must be reflective of a graduate-level academic research paper.
The Research Project will be assembled throughout the course by producing several deliverables:
Module/Week 1: Topic selection (Broad and specific)
Your paper topic must be approved by the instructor before beginning to work on researching the topic. The following is a description of the overall topics along with several options for each group to choose from:
Healthcare organizations in the 21st century, and the management thereof, face numerous obstacles in relation to providing products and services that are cost-effective, of superior quality, and accessible to those that seek them. As a result, healthcare managers (in all functional areas) draw on a wide range of theories, best practices, and experience to guide their decisions.
Choose 1 of the following 10 broad areas as the main topic of your Research Project and then decide on a specific topic, focusing on the 21st-century healthcare environment (a current issue or current/future challenge) based upon knowledge of current literature and industry best practices.
This is the instructions of the overall and on picking the topic and the rubric for the bibliography and the instructions for the bibliography assignment.
The Employee Experience – Pathways to Employee success and retention
Assignment Instructions
HR CHALLENGE: THE EMPLOYEE EXPERIENCE – PATHWAYS TO EMPLOYEE SUCCESS AND RETENTION
Assignment Introduction
Scenario
You are an HR professional at a large teaching hospital with responsibility for the areas of employee talent development and employee experience (sometimes called employee perspective). The hospital’s mission is to integrate a broad spectrum of clinical care, teaching, and research, with special emphasis on the health of children and their families, for two states on the east coast of the United States.
Recently, you have observed high rates of turnover across a number of occupations. Licensed practical nurses, radiologist technicians, surgical technicians, pharmacy technicians, medical assistants, laboratory technicians, and dietitian assistants are at the top of the list of people your hospital cannot keep. You have been conducting exit interviews and talking to current employees about what the areas of concern are that could be influencing the high rate of turnover.
There is another hospital in the area that has been aggressively recruiting new employees. The hospital is associated with a medical school and an external physician assistance program. They are using a completely new employee experience approach that includes:
Co-located complimentary daycare for second and third shift staff.
A gourmet cafeteria.
These benefits are part of what the private hospital calls a comprehensive work-life career-investment program for employees. Your institution has a legacy cafeteria and nothing that mirrors the other hospital’s employee experience program. Additionally, recent engagement surveys indicate that employees are not getting the career guidance from team leaders and supervisors that they think they should. Several surveys of employees found that they felt they are not valued or considered part of the organization and that “only doctors and RNs really mattered”.
Your Challenge
This assignment examines how to assess the effectiveness of employee talent development and employee experience (employee perspective). Consider the challenging conditions that you would face in the situation presented.
What would your next step be in confronting the HR challenge faced by the hospital from a competitive standpoint? Should you present the differences between your hospital and its competitor’s programs to your supervisors or even the hospital director? If yes, why, and how would you go about that? If not, what would your rationale be for your decision?
What research would you do? Making the type of changes that the other hospital made is a major effort in cost and from an organizational culture and employee valuing perspective.
What challenges might you face from your own HR director? From medical staff leaders and others? The cost of current turnover is coming close to 15% of yearly salary for some positions, and the loss of institutional knowledge is affecting treatment quality, according to a panel of physicians and nursing staff.
What new and different programs might be introduced into the organization to improve the employee experience considering the scope of challenges that were discussed in the introduction?
Your job in this assignment is to use the guidance from above to prepare a report for your supervisors on how you plan to approach the employee talent development, employee success, retention, and the employee experience issues with viable recommendations for solutions. Please provide at least six academic, scholarly, or professional resources from the Capella University Library.
Assignment Instructions
Prepare a 3–4-page report that states your recommended course of action. Along with your recommendation, include the following:
Analyze, from a competitive standpoint, how proposed recommendations address the HR challenge faced by the hospital.
What is the scope of the differences between your hospital and its competitor?
What would it take to emulate the competitor’s programs?
Describe key factors considered to support the major effort and cost it would take to enact changes in organizational culture, which could be embraced by employees.
What challenges would be faced by trying to emulate the competitor’s programs?
What would the risks be by not addressing the differences between your hospital and its competitor?
Explain how to mitigate cost of current turnover and the loss of institutional knowledge that is affecting treatment quality.
What is causing the turnover?
What actions can you take to address the issue?
Describe programs you would introduce to improve the employee experience.
What are the different parts of your programs?
What are they intended to do?
Review the HR Challenge: The Employee Experience – Pathways to Employee Success and Retention Scoring Guide to see the criteria by which your assignment will be evaluated. Before submitting your assignment for evaluation, review your draft in SafeAssign to check your use of source material.
The deliverable for this assignment applies professional skills in Human Resources Management (HRM) to workplace situations which you will likely encounter in your day-to-day work in HRM. As part of your learning, we focus on the development of effective professional communication skills for the workplace. Your assignment should meet the following additional requirements:
Length: Your plan should be 3–4 typed, double-spaced pages, not including the cover and resources pages.
The first page should be a cover sheet with your name, the course number, assessment title, and date. No other information is required on this page.
The last page should be the reference list.
Organization: Make sure that your assessment writing is well-organized, using headings and subheadings to organize content for the reader.
Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12-point font.
Resources: Use a minimum of six references from academic, scholarly, or professional publications.
Evidence: Support your assertions with data and in-text citations.
APA formatting: Resources and in-text citations are formatted according to current APA Style and Format guidelines.
Written communication:
Support main points and recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.
Address the appropriate audience, using familiar, discipline-specific language and terminology.
Use spell-check and other tools to ensure correct spelling and grammar.
A colleague looked up a cousin’s test results and informed you about having done so. The cousin is very sick and the family, extremely fearful about the potential diagnosis, wanted to see if your colleague could find out in advance to help the cousin’s family. What would you do in this scenario? Are you obligated to report? If so, what steps would you take?
contact a health care professional who has experience with mandatory reporting requirements and arrange to conduct an interview. Use the interview to gain a better understanding of mandatory reporting requirements and associated actions needed for suspected abuse and neglect. Create 10 interview questions and attach as an appendix to the assignment. You do not have to include answers with interview questions as these will be discussed.
Write a 1,250-1,500 word paper based on the interview in which you address the following:
What are the laws in your state regarding mandatory reporting related to suspected abuse and neglect?
Describe the impact of reporting requirements on management strategies.
Describe an example provided during the interview regarding a case of suspected abuse and neglect.
Describe what was done by the facility to attempt to resolve the suspected abuse and neglect.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Benchmark Information
This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competency:
MS Health Administration
1.5: Describe reporting requirements for the health care marketplace and their impact on management strategies.
Legal and Ethical Issues for Health Professionals
Pozgar, G. D. (2020). Legal and ethical issues for health professionals (5th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284144185
Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease. Refer to “Communicable Disease Chain,” “Chain of Infection,” and the CDC website for assistance when completing this assignment.
Describe the chosen communicable disease, including causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment, and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.
Describe the social determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease.
Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population?
Explain the role of the community health nurse (case finding, reporting, data collection, data analysis, and follow-up) and why demographic data are necessary to the health of the community.
Identify at least one national agency or organization that addresses the communicable disease chosen and describe how the organizations contribute to resolving or reducing the impact of disease.
Discuss a global implication of the disease. How is this addressed in other countries or cultures? Is this disease endemic to a particular area? Provide an example.
A minimum of three peer-reviewed or professional references is required.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Course Materials if you need assistance.
Jessica is a 32 y/old math teacher who presents to the ER with a friend for evaluation of suddendecrease of vision in the left eye. She denies any trauma or injury. It started this morning when she woke up and has progressively worsened over the past few hours. She had some blurring of her vision 1 month ago and thinks that may have been related to getting overheated, since it improved when she was able to get in a cool, air-conditioned environment. She has some pain if she tries to move her eye, but none when she just rests. She is also unable to determine colors. She denies tearing or redness or exposure to any chemicals. Nothing has made it better or worse.
She denies fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, headache, changes in hearing, sore throat, nasal or sinus congestion, neck pain or stiffness, chest pain or palpitations, shortness of breath or cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, dysuria, vaginal discharge, swelling in the legs, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.
Patient is alert; she appears anxious. BP 135/85 mm Hg; HR 64bpm and regular, RR 16 per minute, T: 98.5F. Visual acuity 20/200 in the left eye and 20/30 in the right eye. Sclera white, conjunctivae clear. Unable to assess visual fields in the left side; visual fields on the right eye are intact. Pupil response to light is diminished in the left eye and brisk in the right eye. The optic disc is swollen. Full range of motions; no swelling or deformity. Mental status: Oriented x 3. Cranial nerves: I-XII intact; horizontal nystagmus is present. Muscles with normal bulk and tone; Normal finger to nose, negative Romberg. Intact to temperature, vibration, and two-point discrimination in upper and lower extremities. Reflexes: 2+ and symmetric in biceps, triceps, brachioradialis, patellar, and Achiles tendons; no Babinski.
What physical findings are you looking for to help determine a presumptive nursing diagnosis?
Support your findings with peer reviewed articles.
Presentation is original work and logically organized in current APA style. Incorporate a minimum of 4 current (published within last five years) scholarly journal articles or primary legal sources (statutes, court opinions) within your work.
Power point presentation with 9 -11 slides, excluding the tile slide and the reference slide.
The presentation is clear and concise and students will lose points for improper grammar, punctuation, APA and misspelling.
Speaker notes expanded upon and clarified content on the slides.
After reading the materials for this module, do some more research (i.e., Internet, journals, community services databases) about Safety Net services and providers. Discuss in a post of 150 – 200 words the following:
What are safety net services/providers; who is served by safety net providers; what safety net services (you should include oral health services as well) exist in your own community; what are the gaps in safety net services in your community; how are the services typically funded; what factors influence the capacity of safety net services (i.e., public policy, funding, etc.). Do you think that the safety net services are adequate in your community (why/why not)?
After you have completed the readings for this week, take some time to reflect on your vision of a “Culture of Health”. Think back through all the other reading you have done in this course, and perhaps others. Think about your own experiences and your observations of people around you, in your family, your community, your work environment, etc. Think about what you know about social inequality, health inequities and vulnerable populations. Jot down your thoughts, experiences, and discussion points as you are thinking through them to help you form sort of an outline or list of important points to include in your reflection. Then do the following:
In a post of at least 175 words, discuss the following:
What does “Culture of Health” mean to me? This is to be your own personal thoughts and reflections (you may cite source material, but only to support your points where needed; I do not want a restatement of the readings).
As a FNP how to deal with drug to drug interactions with HIV patients.
In this course, each of you will be developing a research proposal. Our focus this week is to identify a problem specific to your role option that is amenable to an innovative solution.
Based on your specialty role option (i.e., Nurse Practitioner, Nurse Educator, Nurse Informaticist, Nurse Administrator), identify a potential problem (topic) that you would like to investigate through nursing research. Begin by reading the American Association of Colleges of Nursing’s (AACN) position statement on nursing research (Nursing Research).
Next explore and conduct a search to locate a minimum of three nursing research articles that have addressed the problem you have identified. The literature may not be older than 5 years.( here are the three research studies I picked)
After reading the literature respond to the following:
Note your role specialization and briefly describe the problem you are interested in researching and why this is of interest to you.
Discuss your library search strategies and briefly summarize the literature you reviewed. Focus your discussion on the “problem” and how the literature you identified provides evidence of the existence of the problem.
Include in your discussion a potential innovation that you might consider as a solution to the problem identified.
Include citations/references in APA style format, using citations where appropriate. use 3 references less than 5 years, 700 words. USE RUBRIC. APA FORMAT.
Requirements: 700
I sent you the link for the three research articles, please follow the rubric.
Assessment 3 Instructions: Patient Discharge Care Planning
Prepare a writtenanalysis of keyissues, 6-7pages in length, patientdischargecareplan.
Assessment 3 Instructions: Patient Discharge Care Planning
Prepare a written analysis of key issues, 6-7 pages in length, applicable to the development of an effective patient discharge care plan.
Introduction
The Institute of Medicine’s 2000 report To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System identified health information technology (HIT) as one avenue to explore to reduce avoidable medical errors. As a result of the IOM report and suggestions for patient advocacy groups, health care organizations are encouraged to act by utilizing HIT to improve patient quality and safety.Health care organizations determine outcomes by how patient information is collected, analyzed, and presented, and nurse leaders are taking the lead in using HIT to bridge the gaps in care coordination. This assessment provides an opportunity for you to analyze the effects of HIT support, data reporting, and EHR data collection on effective care planning.
Reference
Institute of Medicine. (2000). To err is human: Building a safer health system. National Academies Press.
Preparation
Marta Rodriguez, a student, recently moved from New Mexico to Nevada to live with her aunt and uncle and was enrolled as a freshman in college. While attending her first semester, Marta was involved in a hit-and-run car accident. She was transported to the nearest shock trauma center where she spent the next four weeks undergoing multiple surgeries and antibiotic treatment for a systemic infection. Spanish is Marta’s first language and English is her second. Marta has a student health insurance plan.You are the senior care coordinator overseeing Marta’s care. You will be presenting her case to the interdisciplinary team members who are caring for Marta at an upcoming meeting to consider key aspects of a successful and safe discharge care plan for her. You are expected to lead the discussion, focusing on the role of informatics in effective discharge care planning, and have decided to prepare an analysis of key issues for team members to consider, which you will distribute to the attendees for review prior to the meeting.Note: Remember that you can submit all or a portion of your draft to Smarthinking for feedback before you submit the final version of this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.
Instructions
Analyze key issues for consideration at the discharge planning meeting. Determine the effects of HIT support, data reporting, and EHR data collection on effective care planning.Use the following template for your written analysis:
The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Be sure that your analysis addresses each point, at a minimum. You may also want to read the Patient Discharge Care Planning Scoring Guide to better understand how each criterion will be assessed.
Explain how the interprofessional team will use HIT to provide a longitudinal, patient-centered care plan across the continuum of care that supports Marta in the discharge planning process.
What HIT elements will the team members use and why?
How can the interprofessional team members utilize the HIT elements to prevent a readmission of this patient 48 hours after being discharged?
How will the use of these elements support the coordination of care for this patient?
Describe at least three ways in which data reporting specific to client behaviors can shape care coordination, care management, clinical efficiency, and interprofessional innovation in care.
How would you evaluate the quality of the data?
Explain how information collected from client records can be used to positively influence health outcomes.
How will the interprofessional team members coordinate their individual findings in the collaborative use of HIT?
Write clearly and concisely, using correct grammar and mechanics.
Express your main points and conclusions coherently.
Proofread your writing to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your analysis.
Support main points, claims, and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
Is your supporting evidence clear and explicit?
How or why does particular evidence support a claim?
Your analysis should be 6–7 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.
Supporting Evidence
Cite at least eight sources of credible scholarly or professional evidence to support your analysis.
Apply APA formatting to all in-text citations and references.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Apply care coordination models to improve the patient experience, promote population health, and reduce costs.
Explain how HIT can be used to provide a longitudinal, patient-centered care plan across the continuum of care.
Competency 2: Explain the relationship between care coordination and evidence-based data.
Describe ways in which data reporting specific to client behaviors can shape care coordination, care management, clinical efficiency, and interprofessional idea development.
Competency 3: Use health information technology to guide care coordination and organizational practice.
Explain how information collected from client records can be used to positively influence health outcomes.
Competency 4: Communicate effectively with diverse audiences, in an appropriate form and style, consistent with applicable organizational, professional, and scholarly standards.
Write clearly and concisely, using correct grammar and mechanics.
Support main points, claims, and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence, correctly formatting citations and references using APA style.
Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources. This assignment will be checked with Turn it In.
Question 1: Describe (HIV/AIDS) as a communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.
Question 2: Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of the communicable disease you chose. How does
Question 3: Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population?
Question 4: Explain the role of the community health nurse in relation to your chosen communicable disease (case finding, reporting, data collecting, data analysis, and follow-up).
Discussion Protocol. Please observe the following 3 x 3 rule: when writing your weekly discussions: – A minimum of three paragraphs per entire DQ. Each paragraph should have a minimum of three sentences. All answers or discussions comments submitted must be in APA format according to Publication Manual American Psychological Association (APA) (7th ed.) 2019. Discussions must have a minimum of 2 references, not older than 2015 (you can use those on the website).
Higbea, R., & Cline, G. (2021). Government and policy for U.S. health leaders (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284207767 (Available as a custom eBook – includes only Chapter 6)
Essentials of Health Economics
Dewar, D. M. (2017). Essentials of health economics (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9781284054620
