Why are there almost no democracies in the Middle East?

For this short essay, I want you to answer the question “Why there is almost no democracies in the Middle East?”, based on the attached, and literature in general. In answering the question, you should provide your own answer and not a literature review, i.e. do not summarize what is out there, but try to make sense of it…I want to read your answer to this question, based on the literature. Also, address the question directly, instead of tiptoeing around it.

You are asked to use around 1000 words, and at least four scholarly work (books, book chapters, articles) of which at least one should be from the attached documents.